
Associate Professor,
Ob/Gyn
Reproductive Sciences
Custom People Group
The Gaw Lab studies infectious diseases in pregnancy. Leveraging prospectively collected pregnancy specimens, we study how maternal-fetal immune responses adapt over gestation. We also study how inflammation impacts placental function and pregnancy outcomes, such as fetal growth restriction. Diseases of interest include malaria, COVID-19, and syphilis.
Publications
Regulatory KIR+CD8+ T cells are elevated during human pregnancy.
Science translational medicine
Maternal Fever During Labor and the Risk of Neonatal Encephalopathy: Duration and magnitude of hyperthermia.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination Acceptance: The Importance of Asking "Why?".
Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice
Impact of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine on sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections: results from a randomised trial in Uganda.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Genomic characterization of normal and aberrant human milk production.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Profiling the Cytotoxic Effects of Naled and Other Pesticides in Primary Human Placental Cytotrophoblasts.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
Psychosocial stress and associations with inflammation in mid-gestation maternal, fetal, and placental tissue.
Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)
Placental malaria induces a unique methylation profile associated with fetal growth restriction.
Epigenetics
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine and Nirsevimab Uptake Among Pregnant People and Their Neonates.
JAMA network open
Placental Malaria Induces a Unique Placental Methylation Profile Associated with Fetal Growth Restriction.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
In Utero Exposure to Maternal COVID-19 and Offspring Neurodevelopment Through Age 24 Months.
JAMA network open
Provider Guidance for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants: Maternal Vaccination Versus Infant Monoclonal Antibody Treatment.
Obstetrical & gynecological survey
Gestational SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Ugandan Birth Cohort: High Incidence, Mild Maternal Disease, and Evidence of Association with Transient Infant Stunting.
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
Neutralizing and binding antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 with hybrid immunity in pregnancy.
NPJ vaccines
Gravidity influences distinct transcriptional profiles of maternal and fetal placental macrophages at term.
Frontiers in immunology
Plasma sFlt-1/PlGF ratio of 11.5 multiples of median predicts preeclampsia with severe features within two weeks of testing.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
Patterns of peripartum depression and anxiety during the pre-vaccine COVID-19 pandemic.
BMC pregnancy and childbirth
Monthly Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine During Pregnancy Prevents Febrile Respiratory Illnesses: A Secondary Analysis of a Malaria Chemoprevention Trial in Uganda.
Open forum infectious diseases
In Utero Exposure to Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination and Offspring Neurodevelopment at 12 and 18 Months.
JAMA pediatrics
Perfluorooctanoic Acid Induces Transcriptomic Alterations in 2nd Trimester Human Cytotrophoblasts.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
Distinct transcriptional profiles of maternal and fetal placental macrophages at term are associated with gravidity.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Assessment of Adverse Reactions, Antibody Patterns, and 12-month Outcomes in the Mother-Infant Dyad After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Pregnancy.
JAMA network open
Validated Calculators Predicting Cesarean Delivery After Induction: Accuracy in an External Population.
Obstetrics and gynecology
Retrospective analysis of wildfire smoke exposure and birth weight outcomes in the San Francisco Bay Area of California.
Environmental research, health : ERH
Predictors of antepartum maternal sepsis and effects on neonatal outcomes: a population-based cohort study.
Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
Analysis of placental pathology after COVID-19 by timing and severity of infection.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM
Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir (Paxlovid) for Mild Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Pregnancy and Lactation.
Obstetrics and gynecology
Minimal mRNA uptake and inflammatory response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine exposure in human placental explants.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Gestational age-dependent decrease in fetal Hofbauer cells in placentas from pregnancies exposed to wildfire smoke in California.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Milk antibody response after 3rd dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection and implications for infant protection.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Patterns of Peripartum Depression and Anxiety During the Pre-Vaccine COVID-19 Pandemic.
Research square
Wildfire Smoke Exposure during Pregnancy: A Review of Potential Mechanisms of Placental Toxicity, Impact on Obstetric Outcomes, and Strategies to Reduce Exposure.
International journal of environmental research and public health
Evaluation of transplacental transfer of mRNA vaccine products and functional antibodies during pregnancy and infancy.
Nature communications
Effects of Vaccination Against Influenza, Pertussis, and COVID-19 on Human Milk Antibodies: Current Evidence and Implications for Health Equity.
Frontiers in immunology
Early non-neutralizing, afucosylated antibody responses are associated with COVID-19 severity.
Science translational medicine
Antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA vaccines have reduced neutralizing activity against Beta and Omicron pseudoviruses.
Science translational medicine
Divergent early antibody responses define COVID-19 disease trajectories.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Milk From Women Diagnosed With COVID-19 Does Not Contain SARS-CoV-2 RNA but Has Persistent Levels of SARS-CoV-2-Specific IgA Antibodies.
Frontiers in immunology
Evaluation of transplacental transfer of mRNA vaccine products and functional antibodies during pregnancy and early infancy.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Middle Cerebral Artery Dopplers and Abnormal Neonatal Outcomes among Pregnant Women with Zika Virus Infection.
American journal of perinatology
Dysregulation of placental vascular development- a mechanism for adverse pregnancy outcomes in placental malaria.
EBioMedicine
COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Lactation: Assessment of Adverse Events and Vaccine Related Antibodies in Mother-Infant Dyads.
Frontiers in immunology
Infant Outcomes Following Maternal Infection with SARS-CoV-2: First Report from the PRIORITY Study.
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
COVID-19 Vaccination Patterns and Attitudes Among American Pregnant Individuals.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM
Evaluation of Messenger RNA From COVID-19 BTN162b2 and mRNA-1273 Vaccines in Human Milk.
JAMA pediatrics
COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in Lactation: Assessment of adverse effects and transfer of anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies from mother to child.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Perinatal Outcomes Among Patients With Sepsis During Pregnancy.
JAMA network open
A standardized definition of placental infection by SARS-CoV-2, a consensus statement from the National Institutes of Health/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development SARS-CoV-2 Placental Infection Workshop.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
Risk of pregnancy loss before 20 weeks' gestation in study participants with COVID-19.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
Relationship between maternal age and labor induction duration and outcomes in nulliparous women.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
Organophosphate Flame Retardants, Highly Fluorinated Chemicals, and Biomarkers of Placental Development and Disease During Mid-Gestation.
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
Passive and active immunity in infants born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy: Prospective cohort study.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
Relative Postpartum Retinal Vasoconstriction Detected With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.
Translational vision science & technology
Impact of therapeutic rest in early labor on perinatal outcomes: a prospective study.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM
Revisiting the Role of Health Care Proxies in Reproductive Choice.
Obstetrics and gynecology
Maternal Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Changes Related to Small for Gestational Age Pregnancies.
Translational vision science & technology
Clinical Presentation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Pregnant and Recently Pregnant People.
Obstetrics and gynecology
Utility of optical coherence tomography angiography in pregnancy-associated central serous chorioretinopathy.
American journal of ophthalmology case reports
Placental Malaria.
Current tropical medicine reports
Evaluation of the Choroid in Women with Uncomplicated Pregnancy.
Translational vision science & technology
Gravidity-dependent associations between interferon response and birth weight in placental malaria.
Malaria journal
Zika virus vertical transmission in children with confirmed antenatal exposure.
Nature communications
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in a Preterm Pregnant Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Obstetrics and gynecology
The impact of gravidity, symptomatology and timing of infection on placental malaria.
Malaria journal
Early Clinical Infancy Outcomes for Microcephaly and/or Small for Gestational Age Zika-Exposed Infants.
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Association of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) levels with biomarkers of placental development and disease during mid-gestation.
Environmental health : a global access science source
Discordant Zika Virus Findings in Twin Pregnancies Complicated by Antenatal Zika Virus Exposure: A Prospective Cohort.
The Journal of infectious diseases
Vaginal birth after cesarean: Does accuracy of predicted success change from prenatal intake to admission?
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM
Quantifying the Risks and Benefits of Continuing Labor Induction: Data for Shared Decision-Making.
American journal of perinatology
Identifying risk factors for perinatal death at Tororo District Hospital, Uganda: a case-control study.
BMC pregnancy and childbirth
Overlapping Spectrum of Retinochoroidal Scarring in Congenital Zika Virus and Toxoplasmosis Infections.
Ophthalmic surgery, lasers & imaging retina
Circulating Monocytes, Tissue Macrophages, and Malaria.
Journal of tropical medicine
Malaria in Pregnancy: What the Obstetric Provider in Nonendemic Areas Needs to Know.
Obstetrical & gynecological survey
The Role of Amniocentesis in the Diagnosis of Congenital Zika Syndrome.
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Delayed childhood neurodevelopment and neurosensory alterations in the second year of life in a prospective cohort of ZIKV-exposed children.
Nature medicine
Association Between Neonatal Neuroimaging and Clinical Outcomes in Zika-Exposed Infants From Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
JAMA network open
Retinal Vascular Changes During Pregnancy Detected With Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.
Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
Impact of obesity class on trial of labor after cesarean success: does pre-pregnancy or at-delivery obesity status matter?
Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
Differential Activation of Fetal Hofbauer Cells in Primigravidas Is Associated with Decreased Birth Weight in Symptomatic Placental Malaria.
Malaria research and treatment
Neurodevelopment in Infants Exposed to Zika Virus In Utero.
The New England journal of medicine
Association of Prenatal Ultrasonographic Findings With Adverse Neonatal Outcomes Among Pregnant Women With Zika Virus Infection in Brazil.
JAMA network open
Impact of Gestational Weight Gain on Trial of Labor after Cesarean Success.
American journal of perinatology
Visual function in infants with antenatal Zika virus exposure.
Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Gottesfeld-Hohler Memorial Foundation Zika Virus Think Tank Summary.
Obstetrics and gynecology
The impact of cerclage in twin pregnancies on preterm birth rate before 32 weeks.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
Clinical accuracy of abnormal cell-free fetal DNA results for the sex chromosomes.
Prenatal diagnosis
Update: Interim Guidance for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Infants with Possible Congenital Zika Virus Infection - United States, October 2017.
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Relationships between infection with Plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy, measures of placental malaria, and adverse birth outcomes.
Malaria journal
Maternal Zika Virus Disease Severity, Virus Load, Prior Dengue Antibodies, and Their Relationship to Birth Outcomes.
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Screening Criteria for Ophthalmic Manifestations of Congenital Zika Virus Infection.
JAMA pediatrics
Zika Risk and Pregnancy in Clinical Practice: Ongoing Experience as the Outbreak Evolves.
Obstetrics and gynecology
The value of the first trimester ultrasound in the era of cell free DNA screening.
Prenatal diagnosis
Cell-free DNA screening in clinical practice: abnormal autosomal aneuploidy and microdeletion results.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
From Mosquitos to Humans: Genetic Evolution of Zika Virus.
Cell host & microbe
Zika Virus Infection in Pregnant Women in Rio de Janeiro.
The New England journal of medicine
Power analysis for the MEXPRE study.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
Perinatal outcomes in euploid pregnancies with 'double-positive' first trimester prenatal screening for trisomy 18 and 21.
Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
Differential drug efflux or accumulation does not explain variation in the chloroquine response of Plasmodium falciparum strains expressing the same isoform of mutant PfCRT.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Investigations into the role of the Plasmodium falciparum SERCA (PfATP6) L263E mutation in artemisinin action and resistance.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Identification of a mutant PfCRT-mediated chloroquine tolerance phenotype in Plasmodium falciparum.
PLoS pathogens
Gene encoding a deubiquitinating enzyme is mutated in artesunate- and chloroquine-resistant rodent malaria parasites.
Molecular microbiology
X-ray structural analysis of Plasmodium falciparum enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase as a pathway toward the optimization of triclosan antimalarial efficacy.
The Journal of biological chemistry
Transporters involved in resistance to antimalarial drugs.
Trends in pharmacological sciences
Decreasing pfmdr1 copy number in plasmodium falciparum malaria heightens susceptibility to mefloquine, lumefantrine, halofantrine, quinine, and artemisinin.
The Journal of infectious diseases
First evidence of pfcrt mutant Plasmodium falciparum in Madagascar.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene